Trademark Filing

Trademark Filing in the U.S. From Clearance to Registration.

A practical step-by-step process to file a trademark in the United States, avoid common errors, and improve your chances of successful registration.

Step by Step

US Trademark Filing Process

1

Clearance Search

Start with a USPTO and common-law search to check conflicts before filing. This reduces refusal and opposition risk.

2

Choose Filing Basis & Class

Select filing basis (use-in-commerce or intent-to-use), identify the right goods/services class, and draft precise descriptions.

3

File USPTO Application

Submit application through TEAS with owner details, mark format, classes, specimen (if required), and government fee per class.

4

Examiner Review & Publication

A USPTO examining attorney reviews your filing. If approved, the mark is published for opposition. Respond promptly to office actions if issued.

5

Registration or Notice of Allowance

Use-based applications can proceed to registration. Intent-to-use applications receive a Notice of Allowance, then require a Statement of Use.

6

Post-Registration Maintenance

Maintain your registration with Sections 8/15 filings and renewals under Section 9. Missed deadlines can lead to cancellation.

Preparation

Before You File

Preparing complete, accurate filing data upfront helps avoid delays, office actions, and re-filing costs.

Trademark owner legal name and address
Clear mark format (word, logo, or composite)
Accurate goods/services descriptions
Correct international class selection
Specimen of use for use-based filings
First-use dates (if applicable)
Budget for USPTO fee per class and responses

What to Expect

Typical USPTO Timeline

Timeframes vary by application type, objections, and oppositions.

Application filed and assigned serial number
First USPTO review in approximately 6 to 10 months
Publication for opposition (if approved)
Registration (or Notice of Allowance for intent-to-use applications)
Ongoing maintenance filings at required intervals

Avoidable Refusals

Most Refusals Are Decided Before You File

The USPTO filing fee is non-refundable and charged per class. These four decisions, all made before submission, account for the majority of refusals we see.

A mark that was never clear. A prior confusingly similar mark found after filing costs the fee and the wait; a clearance search finds it while changing the mark is still cheap
The wrong filing basis. Claiming use in commerce before genuine commercial use exists invites a specimen refusal and can jeopardise the registration later
Classes that miss the goods. Fees are per class, so both over-claiming and under-claiming cost money — one wastes fees, the other leaves the products you actually sell unprotected
A specimen that will not pass. Mock-ups, proofs and internal documents are refused; the specimen must show the mark in genuine use for the goods claimed

Deliverables

What We Handle

Clearance search across USPTO, state and common-law sources with a written risk view
Filing basis recommendation — use in commerce or intent to use — with the consequences of each
Class and identification drafting matched to what you actually sell, not to a generic template
Specimen review before submission, so a refusable specimen is caught while it can still be replaced
Office action review and response strategy where the examiner raises an objection
Madrid Protocol guidance where the mark needs protection beyond the United States

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this service

How much does it cost to file a trademark in the US?

The USPTO charges a government filing fee per class, and that fee is per class rather than per application — filing in three classes costs three times the single-class fee. Professional fees for clearance, class selection and preparation sit on top. We scope the total against your goods and services before you commit.

Should I run a clearance search before filing?

Yes. Filing fees are non-refundable, so a refusal based on a prior confusingly similar mark costs you the fee and the months spent waiting for it. A clearance search across USPTO, state and common-law sources identifies that risk while you can still change the mark cheaply.

What is the difference between use-in-commerce and intent-to-use?

A use-in-commerce basis requires the mark to be in genuine commercial use at filing, evidenced by a specimen. Intent-to-use lets you file before launch and secure the priority date, but registration only issues once you file a statement of use with an acceptable specimen within the allowed window.

What makes a specimen acceptable?

The specimen must show the mark as actually used in commerce for the goods or services claimed — on packaging or point of sale for goods, in advertising or service delivery for services. Mock-ups, printer proofs and internal documents are refused, and a rejected specimen is one of the most common causes of delay.

How long does US trademark registration take?

Examination typically begins several months after filing. Where no office action issues and no opposition is filed, registration commonly follows within roughly a year; an office action or opposition extends that considerably. Timelines shift with USPTO workload, so we confirm current expectations at filing.

Can I file internationally from a US application?

Yes — the Madrid Protocol lets you extend a US application or registration into member countries through a single international application, with the priority date preserved if filed within six months of the US filing. Whether that is cheaper than direct national filings depends on how many countries you need.

Ready to File Your U.S. Trademark?

Get help preparing accurate filing data and navigating the USPTO process from clearance search to registration.

  • Clearance search to reduce refusal and opposition risk
  • Correct filing basis, class, and goods/services descriptions
  • Guidance through examiner review and publication
  • Support for registration and post-registration maintenance

Start Your Trademark Filing

Share your mark and goods/services, and our team will guide you through the next steps.

Start Trademark Filing

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